Inorganic Chemical Oceanography, INOCEN, is a recently formed and small-sized group comprising personnel from two IEO centers (Galicia and Balearic Islands), engaging in cross-center activities at the national level. INOCEN is focused on studying the impact of global change on the biogeochemical cycles of the ocean, particularly emphasizing its inorganic components, such as the CO2 system in seawater, dissolved oxygen, and dissolved inorganic nutrients in coastal and oceanic areas.

BEME is an interdisciplinary group formed by IEO researchers in Gijón/Xixón and the Balearic Islands. It focuses on the study of plankton, micronecton and benthos, with the common goal of understanding and quantifying the role of the diversity of organisms in the functioning of marine ecosystems. In the field of plankton and micronekton, the studies focus on the understanding of their long-term variations (time series), their ecology and diversity, the definition of their role in biogeochemical cycles and in the dynamics of food webs, and the modeling of their ecology and evolution.

This research group studies the ocean-meteorological processes that take place in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, as well as the spatio-temporal characterization of the presence of marine litter in the marine environment, with special attention to microplastics.

The group carries out multidisciplinary research with the aim of advancing the knowledge, understanding and modeled ecosystem of various marine components in an integrated manner and at different organizational scales. This approach ranges from the identification to the simulation of key processes in the ecosystem, which play a fundamental role in the dynamics of its populations and communities.

Ver https://ipp.csic.es/en/org-structure/behavioral-social-sciences-csc

The PHYSIS research group is made up of researchers from the Oceanographic Centres of Murcia, Málaga and Canary Islands with the common objective of studying key physiological aspects of culture marine species.

The group leads applied research projects aimed at scientific advice for the conservation of marine biodiversity, the development of non-invasive methodologies for studies of deep marine ecosystems and especially multidisciplinary studies for the monitoring of the conservation status of Marine Protected Areas.

The research group 'Harmful Microalgae and Plankton Ecology' (VGOHAB; https://vgohab.com/en/) is located at the Oceanographic Center of Vigo (COV) and is included in the Department of 'Oceanography and Global Change' of the Spanish National Institute of Oceanography (CNIEO-CSIC). The lines of research focus on the study of harmful algal blooms (HAB) and plankton ecology and the processes and dynamics that characterize them, at the level of organisms and planktonic communities.

The VULCANA research group focuses on studying the effects of volcanic processes on the marine environment of the Canary Islands, such as submarine volcanism, hydrothermal emissions, and lava inputs into the sea. It assesses their impacts on physical, chemical, and biological properties, as well as the associated geological, petrological, and geochemical processes. It highlights the long-term monitoring of the submarine volcano Tagoro in El Hierro, active since 2011, and involvement in the eruption of La Palma in 2021.