The main research lines are: (1) The effects of global change (i.e., temperature, nitrogen and aridity increase) on terrestrial ecosystems, especially in the Mediterranean region. (2) The interaction among different global change drivers (e.g. land use, climate, biotic factors) on key species and communities. (3) Scientific support for conservation, restoration and reforestation that have a solid ecological base and that explicitly contemplate the impact of climate, land use and community changes.